Global Conventions & Forums MCQs for UPSC Prelims

95 practice questions on Global Conventions & Forums from the International Relations section of the UPSC Prelims syllabus. 95 come with a written explanation and 27 are actual previous year questions. Try the sample set below - the answer stays hidden until you ask for it.

13 Easy 41 Medium 41 Hard 27 from past papers

Sample questions

Q1
Previous year question easy

Consider the following pairs: Country - Reason for being in the news 1. Argentina - Worst economic crisis 2. Sudan - War between the country's regular army and paramilitary forces 3. Turkey - Rescinded its membership of NATO How many of the pairs given above are correctly matched?

  1. A Only one pair
  2. B Only two pairs
  3. C All three pairs
  4. D None of the pairs
Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: B - Only two pairs

Argentina was in the news for its worst economic crisis in decades, with runaway inflation and currency collapse, so pair 1 is correct. Sudan descended into open conflict in April 2023 between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces, so pair 2 is also correct. Turkey remains a NATO member and in fact ratified Sweden's accession during this period rather than leaving the alliance, so pair 3 is wrong, leaving two correctly matched pairs.

Q2
Previous year question medium

In the recent years Chad, Guinea, Mali and Sudan caught the international attention for which one of the following reasons common to all of them?

  1. A Discovery of rich deposits of rare earth elements
  2. B Establishment of Chinese military bases
  3. C Southward expansion of Sahara Desert
  4. D Successful coups
Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: D - Successful coups

All four countries experienced successful military coups in quick succession: Sudan in 2019 and again in 2021, Mali in 2020 and 2021, Chad's military takeover after President Deby's death in 2021, and Guinea in September 2021, prompting talk of a coup belt across Africa. No common discovery of rare earth deposits links these countries, and China's only overseas military base in Africa is in Djibouti, not in any of the four. Desertification affects the Sahel generally but Guinea lies well south of the Sahara, so it cannot be the shared reason.

Q3
Previous year question medium

Consider the following pairs: International agreement/set-up : Subject 1. Alma-Ata Declaration - Healthcare of the people 2. Hague Convention - Biological and chemical weapons 3. Talanoa Dialogue - Global climate change 4. Under2 Coalition - Child rights Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

  1. A 1 and 2 only
  2. B 4 only
  3. C 1 and 3 only
  4. D 2, 3 and 4 only
Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: C - 1 and 3 only

The Alma-Ata Declaration of 1978 dealt with primary health care and the goal of health for all, so pair 1 is correct. The Talanoa Dialogue was launched at COP23 under the UNFCCC as an inclusive process to take stock of climate ambition, so pair 3 is also correct. The Hague Conventions primarily concern the laws of war, peaceful settlement of disputes and related matters; biological and chemical weapons are governed mainly by the Geneva Protocol, the BWC and the CWC, so pair 2 is mismatched. The Under2 Coalition is a grouping of subnational governments committed to keeping global warming under 2 degrees Celsius, not a child rights body, so pair 4 is also wrong.

Q4
Previous year question medium

Very recently, in which of the following countries have lakhs of people either suffered from severe famine/acute malnutrition or died due to starvation caused by war/ethnic conflicts?

  1. A Angola and Zambia
  2. B Morocco Tunisia
  3. C Venezuela and Colombia
  4. D Yemen and South Sudan
Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: D - Yemen and South Sudan

Yemen and South Sudan are the countries where war and conflict triggered severe famine and mass starvation, so 'D' is correct. The crises stemmed from the Yemeni civil war and South Sudan's ethnic conflict. The other pairings (Angola and Zambia; Morocco and Tunisia; Venezuela and Colombia) were not the sites of these conflict-driven famine emergencies, making them incorrect.

Q5
Previous year question easy

Consider the following statements: Statement-I: Recently, Venezuela has achieved a rapid recovery from its economic crisis and succeeded in preventing its people from emigrating to other countries. Statement-II: Venezuela has the world's largest oil reserves. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

  1. A Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I
  2. B Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I
  3. C Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect
  4. D Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct
Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: D - Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct

Statement-I is incorrect because Venezuela has remained mired in a deep economic and humanitarian crisis, with hyperinflation and the emigration of more than seven million people, one of the largest displacement crises in the world. Statement-II is correct, as Venezuela holds the largest proven oil reserves of any country, exceeding even Saudi Arabia. Since the first statement is false and the second true, the last option is the answer.

Q6
Previous year question medium

Consider the following statements regarding World Toilet Organization: 1. It is one of the agencies of the United Nations. 2. World Toilet Summit, World Toilet Day and World Toilet College are the initiatives of this organization, to inspire action to tackle the global sanitation crisis. 3. The main focus of its function is to grant funds to the least developed countries and developing countries to achieve the end of open defecation. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. A 2 only
  2. B 3 only
  3. C 1 and 2
  4. D 2 and 3
Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: A - 2 only

Statement 1 is incorrect: the World Toilet Organization is a global non-profit founded in 2001 by Jack Sim in Singapore; it is not a United Nations agency, although it holds consultative status with the UN Economic and Social Council. Statement 2 is correct: it organizes the World Toilet Summit, runs the World Toilet College, and initiated World Toilet Day (19 November), which the UN General Assembly later recognized as an official UN observance in 2013 - all aimed at tackling the global sanitation crisis. Statement 3 is incorrect: the organization works through advocacy, awareness campaigns, capacity building and market-based sanitation initiatives; it is not a funding body that grants money to least developed or developing countries to end open defecation. Hence only statement 2 is correct, so '2 only' is the answer; '3 only', '1 and 2' and '2 and 3' each include an incorrect statement.

Q7
Previous year question medium

Consider the following statements: 1. Recently, all the countries of the United Nations have adopted the first-ever compact for international migration, the 'Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM)'. 2. The objectives and commitments stated in the GCM are binding on the UN member countries. 3. The GCM addresses internal migration or internally displaced people also in its objectives and commitments. How many of the above statements are correct?

  1. A Only one
  2. B Only two
  3. C All three
  4. D None
Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: D - None

All three statements are incorrect. The GCM, adopted in 2018, was not adopted by all UN members; the United States, Hungary and several other countries voted against or abstained, so statement 1 fails. The compact is explicitly a non-legally binding cooperative framework that reaffirms state sovereignty over migration policy, so statement 2 fails. Its scope is confined to international migration across borders; internal migration and internally displaced persons are outside its objectives and commitments, so statement 3 fails as well, making none the correct answer.

Q8
Previous year question medium

With reference to 'Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)', consider the following statements: 1. It is an organization of European Union in working relation with NATO and WHO. 2. It monitors chemical industry to prevent new weapons from emerging. 3. It provides assistance and protection to States (Parties) against chemical weapons threats. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. A 1 only
  2. B 2 and 3 only
  3. C 1 and 3 only
  4. D 1, 2 and 3
Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: B - 2 and 3 only

The OPCW is an independent international body implementing the Chemical Weapons Convention, not an EU organisation linked to NATO and WHO, so statement 1 is wrong. It monitors the global chemical industry through inspections to prevent the re-emergence of chemical weapons (statement 2) and offers assistance and protection to member states facing chemical weapons threats (statement 3), so both are correct. Hence '2 and 3 only' is the answer.

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