100 practice questions covering Fundamentals of Nursing, organised into 1 topics.
100 questions include a written explanation.
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An important nursing responsibility during discharge is:
AIgnoring follow-up
BTeaching the patient about post-discharge care
CPrescribing medication
DPerforming surgery
Show answer and explanation
Correct answer: B - Teaching the patient about post-discharge care
Teaching the patient about care after discharge is a central nursing responsibility, covering medicines, wound care, warning signs and when to seek help. Prescribing is a different role.
Q2
medium
A common gastrointestinal complication of immobility is:
AIncreased appetite
BDiarrhea
CVomiting
DConstipation
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Correct answer: D - Constipation
Constipation is the common gastrointestinal effect, since reduced activity slows peristalsis and the patient often takes less fluid and fibre while in bed. Appetite typically falls rather than rises.
Q3
easy
The normal adult respiratory rate at rest is approximately:
A30–40 breaths/minute
B25–35 breaths/minute
C4–8 breaths/minute
D12–20 breaths/minute
Show answer and explanation
Correct answer: D - 12–20 breaths/minute
A resting adult breathes about 12 to 20 times per minute. Below 12 is bradypnea and above 20 is tachypnea, so the rates given in the other choices describe abnormal breathing rather than the normal range.
Q4
medium
A permanent tightening or shortening of a muscle is called:
AContracture
BRotation
CExtension
DMobility
Show answer and explanation
Correct answer: A - Contracture
A contracture is permanent shortening and tightening of a muscle, tendon or other tissue, which fixes a joint and limits its range of motion. It is a known complication of prolonged immobility and is prevented by regular movement.
Q5
medium
In a blood pressure reading of 120/80 mmHg, 80 represents the:
APulse pressure
BPulse rate
CDiastolic pressure
DSystolic pressure
Show answer and explanation
Correct answer: C - Diastolic pressure
In 120/80 mmHg the lower figure, 80, is the diastolic pressure: the pressure remaining in the arteries while the heart relaxes and refills. The upper figure is the systolic pressure produced when the heart contracts.
Q6
hard
Stage III pressure ulcer involves:
AIntact skin only
BFull-thickness skin loss with damage to subcutaneous tissue
CPartial-thickness skin loss only
DOnly superficial redness
Show answer and explanation
Correct answer: B - Full-thickness skin loss with damage to subcutaneous tissue
Stage III is full-thickness skin loss extending into the subcutaneous tissue, but not through the underlying fascia to muscle or bone. That deeper destruction would make it Stage IV.
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